Horizontal velocity structure functions in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere: 2. Theoretical considerations

The Extratropical Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere

[1] The extratropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (Ex‐UTLS) is a transition region between the stratosphere and the troposphere. The Ex‐UTLS includes the tropopause, a strong static stability gradient and dynamic barrier to transport. The barrier is reflected in tracer profiles. This region exhibits complex dynamical, radiative, and chemical characteristics that place stringent spa...

Total depletion of Hg° in the upper troposphere- lower stratosphere

The Circulation of the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere.

Scionce, a weekly journal, is published each Friday by the American Association for the Advancement of Science at The Business Press, Incorporated, N. Queen St. and McGovern Aye., Lancaster, I'a. Founded in 1880, it has been since 1900 the official publication of the AAAS. Editorial and Advertising Offices, 1515 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington 5, D. C. Telephone, EXecutive 6060 or 61. Ca...

Simulations of water isotope abundances in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere and implications for stratosphere troposphere exchange

[1] An analytic model of transport and microphysics in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) is extended to include stable isotopes of water. The model, running along trajectories, is tested against in situ and satellite observations of HDO and H2 O in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere (UT/LS). The model is able to reproduce the range of isotopic depletions observed in the data, and re...

CO2 in the upper troposphere: Influence of stratosphere-troposphere exchange

[1] A two-dimensional transport model constrained to measured surface CO2 concentrations was used to simulate the spatial and temporal variation of CO2 in the atmosphere for the period from 1975 to 2004. We find that the amplitude, phase and shape of the CO2 seasonal cycle vary as a function of both altitude and latitude. Cross tropopause exchanges, especially the downward branch of the Brewer-...